Fitness. What does fitness include? The term ‘fitness’ refers to general fitness (a state of health and well-being). And specific fitness (the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations). So, physical- fitness is the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles to function at optimum efficiency; therefore, it is now defined as the body’s ability to work efficiently.
And the ability to undertake sustained physical exertion without undue breathlessness. So then, it is associated with a sense of physical and mental well being. Consequently, physical achievements are only possible by making regular demands on the body to perform physical tasks. Also, as the body improves the bulk and strength of the voluntary muscles and the force and pumping efficiency of the heart muscle increase. The respiratory muscles perform more effectively. The subject can perform work within the limits of the rate at which oxygen is supplied by the lungs and circulation (aerobic exercise).
Recovery from fatigue is more rapid, a higher degree of muscle tension can be attained, the muscles can utilize glucose and fatty acids in the presence of less insulin, and the liver is better able to maintain the supply of glucose to the blood, and hence to the muscles, during strenuous exercise. The energy-producing elements in the muscle cells (the mitochondria) increase in size and number.
Physical activity is any form of exercise or movement of the body that uses energy. Some of your daily life activities—doing active chores around the house, yard work, walking the dog—are examples.
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